This is an updated version of the first Tapir Veterinary Manual published by the IUCN/SSC Tapir Specialist Group (TSG) in 2007. 

Several veterinarians, biologists, nutritionists, reproduction physiologists and researchers reviewed and made contributions to this document based on their in-situ and/or ex-situ experience with the four tapir species. 

The 13 Chapters and several appendices in this manual offer valuable information on many important topics for veterinarians working with tapirs, including: handling tapirs in the wild and in captivity, anesthesia protocols, treatment protocols and guidelines for medical and nutritional care. 

Our hope is that this text will be helpful to all professionals working with tapir species around the world, and will contribute to the conservation of tapirs and their remaining habitats.